Nyem qhov no mus nrhiav pom dab tsi tshuaj ntsiav a
Cov tshuaj txau yog cov khoom ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv uas cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab (s) thiab / lossis excipients tau muab ntim rau hauv cov phom mos lossis tawv yaj. Lub plhaub ib txwm ua los ntawm gelatin lossis lwm cov khoom siv tsim nyog polymeric thiab cov txiaj ntsig ua kom yooj yim, tsis muaj qab ntxhiab, tsis muaj ntxhiab, ntxig yooj yim, yooj yim rau-qhov nqos tshuaj noj tsis tas yuav tsum tau muaj cov txheej txheej theem ob.
Ua raws li cov khoom xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav plhaub, cov tshuaj ntsiav tau muab cais ua cov tawv tawv lossis tawv mos, nrog cov tshuaj ntsiav muag muaj cov yoog hloov yooj yim, cov ntawv ua kua tawv. Cov kab xaj yuav tuaj yeem tsim ntawm ob daim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov thooj voos kheej kheej kaw ntawm ib kawg; daim ntawv luv, hu ua 'cap' thiab daim ntev, hu ua 'lub cev', lossis lawv yuav raug suav nrog ib thooj. Lub ob-daim tsiav tshuaj thiab ib-thooj ncapsules feem ntau hu ua hard-shell capsules thiab mos-plhaub capsules feem.
Cov kab xaj yuav tuaj yeem tsim ntawm ob daim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov thooj voos kheej kheej kaw ntawm ib kawg; daim ntawv luv, hu ua 'cap' thiab daim ntev, hu ua 'lub cev', lossis lawv yuav raug suav nrog ib thooj. Qhov khoom siv ob qho thiab ib qho tshuaj tsiav muaj feem ntau hu ua tawv pliav tshuaj ntsiav thiab mos pliav pliav feem.
Tshuaj ntsiav sau cov ntaub ntawv
Cov tshuaj ntsiav tau muaj ntau hom kev tsim ua nrog suav cov hmoov qhuav, semisolids, kua tsis muaj kua, thiab lwm yam xws li cov hlaws dai, mini-ntsiav tshuaj, thiab txawm tias mini tsiav tshuaj feem ntau tau npaj rau kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj. Tseem muaj cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb xws li tshuaj ntsiav uas tuaj yeem raug ntim rau hauv cov tshuaj ua kom qhuav qhuav, ntxiv cov tshuaj reagents ua ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv kuaj mob, thiab qee zaum muag pliav pliav ntsaws pliav ntxig rau lub qhov quav lossis lub qhov paum ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Thawj qhov tshuaj ntsiav npaj los ntawm gelatin yog ib qho tshuaj ntsiav uas tau txais daim ntawv tso cai ntawm Fabkis los ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob Joseph Gerard Dublanc thiab Francois Achille Barnabe Mothes (lub tsev muag tshuaj ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm) xyoo 1834. Txawm hais tias lub plhaub ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav thaum ntxov no tsis tau raug ntim khoom, niaj hnub no ua cov gelatin tawv tsiav tshuaj raws li cov duab, cov ntsiab lus, thiab lwm yam ntxwv.
Xyoo 1848, James Murdock tau tsim ua ob daim tsom iav duab (tawv tawv nkaws) tshuaj ntsiav tau ua tiav hauv Askiv xyoo 1865.
Hom tsiav tshuaj
1.Qhov gelatin tsiav tshuaj
Hard gelatin tsiav tshuaj
Cov tawv tawv nkaws hauv qab no tseem paub ua ob tsiav tshuaj lossis qhuav tsiav tshuaj yog cov tshuaj muab cov tshuaj uas cov tshuaj no ntau dua thiab / los yog tshaj tawm muaj nyob hauv ib lub plhaub me me. Lub plhaub muaj ob ntu: lub cev tsim los tuav cov tshuaj thiab qhov cuam tshuam, thiab lub hau uas kwv yees li ib nrab ntev npaum li lub cev.
Cov tawv gelatin tsiav tshuaj yog tsim khoob thiab tom qab ntawd tau sau rau hauv kev ua haujlwm cais. Thaum lub tshuaj ntsiav puv chav ua haujlwm, lub cev yog ntim nrog cov tshuaj, ua raws li lub pob ntim nkag ntawm lub cev.
Cov tawv gelatin tsiav tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm gelatin thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv siv los pab kom cov tshuaj ntsiav tsim los yog txhim kho lawv cov kev ua haujlwm. Cov tsiav tshuaj muaj 13 - 16% dej, tab sis cov ntsiab lus dej tuaj yeem sib txawv, nyob ntawm qhov chaw khaws khoom.
Thaum cov av noo tsis tshua muaj, cov tshuaj ntsiav tuaj yeem dhau los ua brittle; yog tias muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw noo siab, qhov tsiav tshuaj tuaj yeem ua id zoo heev, nplaum, thiab plam lawv cov duab. Kev cia nyob hauv qhov chaw sov siab kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov tawv tawv nkaws.
Cov khoom siv ua lub plhaub tawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom qauv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab tau tsim los ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm 000 txog 5. Qhov loj ntawm 000 capsule yog qhov ntau tshaj thiab qhov ntawm tus naj npawb 5 tshuaj ntsiav yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws.
Txheem tshuaj ntsiav qhov ntau thiab tsawg.
2 . Mos nkaws tsiav tshuaj
Mos nkaws tsiav tshuaj
Cov tshuaj mos muag hauv lub ntsej muag kuj tseem hu ua lub plhaub mos ua lub ntsej muag, lub ntsej muag muag tawv mos, los yog softgel yog ib-daim ntawv tsim cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas, muaj cov kua, ib nrab ntawm cov tawv qhuav, hmoov qhuav, lossis txawm tias cov ntsiav tshuaj ua ntej tau ntim los ntawm ib-daim hermetically kaw ywj daim plhaub.
Zoo ib yam li cov tawv nqaij gelatin nyuaj, Cov muag muag gelatin tsiav tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm cov plhaub ntawm cov gelatin uas cov hnab yas zoo li glycerol, polyols lossis lwm cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau ntxiv. Lwm cov khoom siv tuaj yeem suav cov xim ua si, opacifiers, khoom noj thiab tshuaj khaws cia (feem ntau suav nrog hauv cov plhaw txoj hauv kev tsim los tiv thaiv microbial lossis fungal kev loj hlob).
Lub sijhawm txawv ntawm hom tshuaj ntsiav no yog nws qhov kev tsim kho ib-thooj. Qhov pub thiab tawm yog ua tiav los ntawm ib lub tshuab nkaus xwb.
Cov ntsej muag muag muag hauv gelatin capsules muaj muag nyob hauv ntau hom duab (piv txwv li puag ncig, oblong, tubular). Lawv yuav yog xim lossis ob xim-xim thiab yuav luam nrog cov cim ntaus cim.
Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov nkaws mos nkaws sawv cev nws lub peev xwm me me hauv tsawg, piv txwv li, 30 lub ntsej muag muag muag tuaj yeem ntim tau 30 me me (lossis 1.848 cm3).
Kev sib txawv ntawm cov tawv nkaws nkaws thiab mos gelatin tsiav tshuaj
1.Tau cov nkaws nkaws tsiav tshuaj muaj ob qhov sib cais ua ke yog lub cev thiab lub ntsej muag qhov ncauj muag gelatin capsules yog hermetically kaw ib-daim tsiav tshuaj thiab tsis tuaj yeem muab cais.
2.Hardshell capsules yog tsim hauv cov txheej txheem ob-kauj ruam; lub plhaub yog tsim los ntawm ib lub tshuab ntawm lub tshuab thiab kev ua tiav ua tiav los ntawm lub tshuab sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom, pub mis thiab ntim ntawm cov tawv muag gelatin ua tiav tau los ntawm ib lub tshuab xwb.
3.Qhov gelatin capsules feem ntau muaj cov hmoov qhuav, ib nyuag compressed plugs, granules, lossis ntsiav tshuaj. whereas mos nkaws tsiav tshuaj feem ntau muaj kua thiab semisolids.
4.Hard gelatin capsules yog cylindrical nyob rau hauv cov duab thaum muag gelatin tsiav tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv puag ncig, oval thiab tubular duab.
5.Qhov piv ntawm cov yas rau gelatin yog qhov tsawg dua hauv cov tawv gelatin tshuaj ntsiav (0.4: 1.0) dua li hauv cov tawv muag gelatin (0.8: 1.0).